Hard Drive Recovery Procedure

*Unless you are a Linux expert, please contact Fonality Support before following the steps below

If your server will not boot, you have 3 options to get into Bash. Once you are in Bash, you can run fsck.

Option 1: If you have previously set a root password, enter into single usermode

1. Reboot the server

2. When the Grub Bootloader screen is seen, interrupt the boot process by pressing the up arrow key

3. Highlight the default kernel entry (usually the first CentOS option).

   Open

   

4. Press "e" to edit the line

5. Select the "Kernel" line

   Open

   

6. Press "e" to edit the line

7. Use the right arrow key to ensure they are at the end of the line.

8. Type "Single" at the end of the line (make sure there is a space before Single).

9. Press [Enter]

10. Press "b" to boot

11. You will likely be asked for a root password. Enter the root password and you should be brought to a Bash command line.

Option 2: If you do NOT have set a root password, enter into Bash Shell via Grub 

*Refer to the screen shots in Option 1 above.

1. Reboot the server

2. When the Grub Bootloader screen is seen, interrupt the boot process by pressing the Escape [ESC] key

3. Highlight the default kernel entry (usually the first option). 

4. Press "e" to edit the line

5. Select the "Kernel" line with the down arrow key

6. Press "e" to edit the line

7. Use the right arrow key to ensure they are at the end of the line.

8. Type " init=/bin/bash" at the very end of the line.

9. Press [Enter]

10. Press "b" to boot

11. You will then be dumped directly to a bash shell as root.

Option 3: If the above 2 options fail, boot from a Linux CD (Gentoo Live CD)

1. Download the free from https://mirrors.kernel.org/gentoo/releases/x86/autobuilds/current-install-x86-minimal/   You just need the X86 minimal ISO.

2. Burn the ISO image to a CDR. If you do not have a ISO burning program, http://www.imgburn.com/ is a free utility.

3. Place the burned Gentoo CD in the PBX server, restart it, and enter BIOS.

4. Depending on the model of your server, the key to enter BIOS could be DEL, F11, F7, etc. Once in BIOS, change the boot up sequence to start from CD/DVD-ROM. 

5. Let the server boot from your Gentoo CD, and press enter at the boot promt.

6. You should then be brought to the Bash command line as root.

When you finally get to Bash, run fsck 

Once you are finally at root using any of the 3 options above. You should be at a bash command line with a blinking cursor. CONSULTE with Fonality SUPPORT and then run the following combination of ommands:

/sbin/fsck.ext3 -y /dev/md0

Increasing the device number (md0, md1, md2, etc.) for each partition.

If you do not have software RAID, replace /dev/md with the actual drive such as: 

/dev/sda1

/dev/hda1

/dev/cciss/c0d0p1